OCD is characterized by intrusive, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental rituals (compulsions) performed to reduce anxiety. These behaviors can become time-consuming and interfere with daily functioning.

OCD affects individuals across the lifespan. Children may struggle to explain symptoms, while adults may experience significant distress or shame related to intrusive thoughts.

Treatment focuses on reducing the impact of obsessions and compulsions through evidence-based therapy approaches. Medication management may be used to support symptom reduction when clinically appropriate.